Shaving implement



April 2-0, 1937. J. MuRos SHAVING IMPLEMENT Filed Oct. 23, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet l ormeg April 20, 1937. J MUROS 2,077,806

SHAVING IMPLEMENT Filed Oct. 23, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 4 I l W @2401,- 1 2 5 30 v '3 @Tfio 716g Patented Apr. 20, 1937 2,077,806 SHAVING IMPLEMENT Joseph Mums,- (Jambridge, Masa, assignor to Gillette Safety Razor Company, Boston, Mass., a corporation of Delaware Application October 23, 1936, Serial No. 107,233

5 16 Claims.

ing one member with respect to the other to impart a progressive circular shearing movement to its edge or tothe two co-operating edges. The

two members may be so shaped and related as l to present a crescent-shaped opening between their circular shearing edges of any desired amplitude. Where the implement is used for shaving and is intended for cutting hair an opening of perhaps .015" is entirely adequate, .although where the implement is. designed for cutting sheet material under conditions which are safe for the user a much wider opening may be 'desired and is entirely practicable.

One desirable manner of bringing about a progressive circular shearing movement of the implement is to move'a portion of the inner mem.- ber in a circular path which may be concentric with respect to the axis of the member. Under these circumstances the portion of the inner member presenting the movable shearing edge partakes of a wobblingmotion, closing the opening at one end and progressively opening it at the other in a circumferential direction aboutthe contour of the stationary shearing edge. Accordingly, hairs which are introduced into the openingas the implement is moved over the face of the user are progressively sheared. The implement is designed to be driven at high speed and consequently to engage and shear all the hairs on the face of the user as the implement is moved across it. 1

As herein shown the two members are yieldingly maintained in engagement at their spherical guiding surfaces and the friction thus developed is suillcient to prevent the inner mem- This is advantageous in .that the point of engagement of the two shearing surfaces is thus progressively changed anda progressive selfsharpening action at two points in the circular shearing edge is brought about. Thus the efficiency andeflective life of the implement are prolonged with great advantage to the user.

Implements may be constructed in accordance with the present invention having shearing members arranged either externally or internally with respect to each other. In my co-pending application, Serial Number 104,967, filed October 10, 1936, I'have disclosed an implement having shearing members arranged one within the other and have made in that application claims generic to both forms of implements. The present application isaccordingly restricted to implements in which one shearing member is arranged externally with respect-to the other, although such construction comes within the scope of many of the claims ,of my co-pending application above identified. Each form of implement has its own usage and characteristics. In the internal arrangement the shearing cut takes place in the .upward or outward direction, that is to say, the shearing edge of the inner member moves outwardly tomeet the shearing edge of the outer member and the shearing edge of the outer member constitutes also a guide and gauge surface for the implement in its movement on the face of the user. On the other hand, in an exter nally organized implement the shearing cut takes place in downward or inward direction as the shearing edge of the inner member is moved =downwardly to meet and co-operate with the j lowing description of several preferred embodiments thereof, selected for purposes of illustration and shown in the accompanying drawings,

in whichz- Fig. 1 is an end view on an a dry shaving implement; Fig. 2 is a similar view in side elevation, a portion of thecasing being shown as broken away;.

'Fig. 3 is a similar view in front elevation; Fig. 4 is a similar view in longitudinal section; Fig. 5 is a view in elevation of the inner shear enlarged scale of iii) parts shown in Figs. 6 and '7.

The implement includes in its structure a casing I0, of which only a portion is shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, and which may serve as a handle for the implement and as a housing for the motor actuating it. In the upper end of the casing ID is removably secured, by a clamping screw l2, a rectangular metallic head upon which the operative parts of the implement are mounted. The head H is provided with an upstanding circular boss l3 threaded upon its outer surface. Upon this is screwed a casing |4 having a cylindrical internally threaded portion and upper portion l6 having a spherical inner wall tapering to a circular shearing edge II. The cylindrical portion ll of the casing is provided with a series of perforations l5 for the purpose of ventilation and to permit the ready discharge of debris sheared by the implement.

The inner member comprises a hollow spherical body portion 20 having a guiding surface which coincides with the inner spherical guiding surface of the casing 4 and connected through a perforated web 2| with a downwardly extending central stem 22. The stem 22 is provided with an end recess 23 for driving connection with a spherical stud 29 which projects eccentrically from the upper end of the motor shaft 28. In Fig. 4 the driving stud 29 is shown as in its extreme lefthand position, that is to say, displaced about onesixteenth of an inch from the axis of the motor shaft 28. The inner member extends above the web 2| and terminates in a flattened circular head 25 spaced from the web 2| by a circumferential groove 24. The circular marginal surface of the head 25 is spherical and concentric with the spherical guiding surfaces of the two shearing members, the center of curvature of these surfaces being indicated in Fig. 4 as somewhat nearer the lower end of the stem 22 than the surface of the head 25.

The co-operating shearing members are held in continuous yielding engagement by means of a compression spring 21 which is seated at its lower end in a concentric groove in the face of the boss I3 and bears at its upper end against the web 2|. It will be seen, therefore, that the spring 21 maintains the two members under continuous yielding pressure and consequently develops an appreciable amount of surface friction between the two spherical guiding surfaces.

The rotation of the eccentric stud 29 about the axis of the shaft 28 imparts to the lower end of the stem 22 a circular motion in a path concentric with the axis of the motor shaft and having a diameter of twice the eccentricity of the head 29,

as indicated in dot and dash lines in Fig. 4.

outer member. At its corresponding edge, that is to say, at its left-hand edge as shown in Figs. 1, 3, and 4, the opening between the two shearing edges extends convergently in both directions from this point of maximum opening and so presents a crescent-shaped space which is adapted to receive the material to be sheared. At the point opposite the maximum opening, that is to say, at the extreme right-hand side of the head 25, as shown in Fig. 4, the edge of the head is carried below circular shearing edge ll of the outer member to a point of maximum depth. As the eccentric head 29 is rotated a combined rocking and rolling or wobbling movement is transmitted to the inner shearing member with the result that the opening between the two shearing edges is moved rapidly in a circular path about the implement, continually closing at one end and continually opening at the other.

It' is contemplated that the motor shaft 28 will be driven at a relatively high speed, for example, at least 3600 R. P. M. Consequently, as the implement is moved across the face of the user the passage of the shearing opening is so rapid that all hairs are given an opportunity to enter it and are sheared before they have time to be withdrawn.

As already intimated Fig. 5 indicates the two extreme positions occupied by the inner shearing member in its cycle of movement. It will be understood that these positions are not arrived at by a simple rocking movement but are the result of a combined rocking and circular movement. The slow spinning movement above referred to takes place without or independently of bodily displacement of the inner shearing member and is the result of combined slip between the eccentric head 29 and walls of the recess 23 in the stem 22 and a lesser amount of slip between the spherical guiding surface of the two members.

The implement illustrated in Figs. 1 to 5 presents a continuous unguarded stationary shearing edge whereas in the implement shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 10 the stationary shearing edge of the outer member is provided with inwardly projecting guard teeth 3| which defines a series of circular segmental shearing teeth 32. The construction of these figures is particularly useful as supplying an additional safeguard for the user and as permitting the implement to be adjusted for a wider shearing opening with safety to the user than would otherwise be possible.

The modification shown in Figs. 8 and 9 departs from the construction already described in that the inner shearing member 40 is provided with a circular series of perforations 4| instead of having a continuous circular shearing edge as in Figs. 5 and 7. In this modification the inner shearing member 4|! has a spherical wall which is co-extensive with the spherical wall of the outer member IE but is somewhat flattened in its upper portion. The perforations 4| extend radially through the walls of the member 40 in a circular series so located that in open position as shown in Figs. 8 and 9 they are fully exposed above stationary shearing edge of the outer member and are thus positioned to receive the hairs to be out. In the wobbling movement of the inner shearing member the perforations 4| are carried below the stationary shearing edge I1 and the upper edge of each perforation therefor as a shearing edge in co-operation with the stationary edge Provision for adjustment of the amplitude of the shearing opening is available by screwing the outer member I6 in or out upon the threaded boss l3. In this movement of the member the effective point of connection between the eccening member is located externally with respect curvature.

to the other but is of general application to all implements of the rotary shearing type.

The marginal surface of the head 25 is spherical in shape and of a radius of curvature corresponding to that of the annular spherical surface of the outer member IE or 30, while the upper or end surface of the head is appreciably flattened and of a substantially longer radius of out limiting it to the mechanical details illus trated, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent':-

1. An implement of the class described havin co-operating members presenting shearing edges and sphericalv guiding surfaces, and means"for imparting a wobbliug movement to one of said members to move its edge externally and progressively with respect to the edge of the other member. p

2. An implement of the class described having co-operating members, one arranged externally with respect to the other and both presenting shearing edges and spherical guiding surfaces, and means for imparting a circular movement to a portion of one of said members.

3. An implement of the class described having co-operating members, one arranged externally with respect to the other and both presenting shearing edges and spherical guiding surfaces, and means for imparting a wobbling movement to the external edge-bearing portion of one member.

4. An implement of the class described having e o-operating members one arranged externally with respect gto the other, said members presenting circuiar'gshearing edges and having interrelated sphergicalguiding surfaces, together with means for holding said memberstogether with a crescent-shaped shearing opening and for moving one member i with respect to the other to cause said openingto travel circumferentiallyk 5. An implment of the class described havin shearing edge which lies in a predetermined plane, a movable inner member presenting a cooperating shearing edge which lies in a plane partly external to the shearing edge of said outer member, and means for rocking and tuming said inner member.

6; An implement of the class described having a hollow member presenting a circular shearing The result is that in the movement -of the head about its center of curvature as an a hollow member presenting an annular shearing edge, an inner member having a convex face bounded by a circular shearing edge, and mechanism for imparting an inwardly-shearing wob- "bling movement to said members.

8. An implement of theclass described having a hollow memberpresenting an annular shearing edge and having a spherical seat formed directly in its inner wall, an inner member having a spherical surface received in said seat, and a head disposed partly above the annular shearing edge of said hollow member and presenting a circular shearing edge, and mechanism for rocking and turning said inner member on its seat to impart an inwardly-shearing movement to its edge.

9. An implement of the class described having an. outer member presenting an overhanging circular shearing edge and having an internal spherical seat, an inner member positioned upon said seat and having a convex head which pro-v jects partially through the circular shearing edge of said outer member and is bounded by a circular shearing edge, and mechanism for turning and rocking said member upon its seat.

- 10. An implement of the class described having an outer member presenting a circular shearing.

edge, an inner member alsopresenting a circular shearingedge and having a spherical bearing seat with a center of curvature internal in the implement, and mechanism for rocking and turning said inner member upon its seat.

11. A shaving and massaging implement having co-operating spherical surfaced members with complementary circular shearing edges, one of said members presentinga convex head, and

means for wobbling said member about a center eccentric to the center of curvature of said head. I

12. An implement of the class described having co-operating spherical surfaced members with complementary circular shearing edges located always in angular relation with a shearing opening between them, and means for adjusting the amplitude of said opening.

13. An implement of the class described having co-operating members having spherical guide faces and complementary circular shearing edges located in angular relation with 'a' crescentshaped opening between them, means for relatively-moving said members to advance said opening circumferentially of the implement, and means for relatively adjusting the members to regulate the amplitude of said opening.

14. An implement of the class described having co-operating spherical-surfaced members with h an outer stationary member presenting a circular one of said membersand Pmvislon adjustguard teeth associated with one of said edges,

and means.v for relatively moving said members ticns, and means for wobbling one member with respect to the other upon their spherical surfaces to cause shearing action at one after another of said perforations.

JOSEPH MUROS, 

